Comparative Analysis and Control Strategies of Direct and Indirect Matrix Converters for Efficient Grid-Connected Wind Energy Systems
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Abstract
Matrix converters (MCs) are gaining attention for their ability to enable direct AC-AC conversion in grid-connected wind energy systems without the need for bulky energy storage components. This paper presents a comparative analysis of Direct Matrix Converters (DMCs) and Indirect Matrix Converters (IMCs), emphasizing their control strategies, power quality, and efficiency. IMCs utilize a two-stage conversion process (AC-DC-AC), offering higher voltage transfer ratios and simplified modulation techniques, whereas DMCs perform single-stage conversion with reduced components, leading to lower switching losses. Various Sparse, Very Sparse, and Ultra Sparse Matrix Converter topologies are explored, highlighting their efficiency, control complexity, and grid integration capabilities. State-space control methods, combined with Space Vector Modulation (SVM) and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), are implemented to optimize power flow and ensure stable grid operation. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of these control strategies in maintaining power quality and reactive power management under varying wind conditions. The findings suggest that Very Sparse Matrix Converters (VSMCs) provide the highest efficiency (96-98%) and power density, making them ideal for large-scale wind farms. This study provides valuable insights into selecting suitable converter topologies and control techniques for enhancing the reliability and performance of wind energy systems connected to the electrical grid.