Physics Based Intelligent Approach for Clean and Economic Operation of Distribution Systems Involving Adaptive Load Shifting Policy

Abstract

Apart from minimizing generation cost, modern-day power systems are equally concerned about minimizing the pollutants released to the environment in the form of hazardous chemicals. Large incorporation of renewable energy sources have undoubtedly helped in this regard to a great extent. Still, we can achieve better cost and emission reduction if we can perform proper demand-side management. This paper aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of load shifting based demand side management approach as well as a novel approach of demand side management combined with unit commitment in reducing the generation cost in microgrid systems. Microgrids can operate in both islanded as well as grid connected mode. In grid-connected mode, both active and passive participation by the grid takes place. Two test systems are studied, where one microgrid is operating in islanded mode, and the other operates in grid-connected mode. For islanded microgrid, the complex dynamic economic emission dispatch based on the fractional programming method, as well as environment-constrained economic dispatch is considered. For the grid-connected microgrid, economic load dispatch is considered. A very recently reported physics-based evolutionary algorithm based on rime – ice (RIME) is considered as the optimization technique for this study. Numerical results are conclusive of the fact that proper demand side management combined with unit commitment is able to significantly reduce the cost of generation when compared to all other scenarios, establishing the effectiveness of the proposed method.