Design and Performance Evaluation of Four Port Fractal MIMO Antenna with Band Notch Characteristics
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Abstract
For multiband applications with band notched features, a small 2 × 2 antenna array combining metamaterial Split Ring Resonators (SRRs) and second order Koch Snowflake fractal elements is created. Multiple frequency bands are supported and size is reduced by the fractal design. Fractal defects in the ground plane produce band notches at 2.4 GHz, 5.5 GHz, and 8.8 GHz, which lessen WLAN and X band interference. Gain and bandwidth are increased by SRRs positioned around the patches. For simple integration, the antenna uses a microstrip feed on a FR4 substrate. The radiation pattern, gain, and reflection coefficient of the measured and simulated results are in good agreement. It is perfect for MIMO systems because of its low Envelope Correlation Coefficient (0.02–0.05), which guarantees low mutual coupling and good spatial diversity. This small, multiband antenna is appropriate for wireless systems of the future.