State of the Art Review: Power Semiconductor Devices of Dc-Dc Converters and Inverters

Abstract

            Inverters and DC-DC converters are the backbone of modern electronic systems, enabling efficient energy formation and control in a wide range of applications, including the integration of renewable energy, electric vehicles, smart networks and portable electronics. The review presents a comprehensive observation of recent advances in inverter and DC-DC converter technologies, highlighting the changes to high existing operations, compact and modular designs, and using wide bandgap semiconductors such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN). It shows new control strategies that benefit from digital control, real -time monitoring, and artificial intelligence (AI) to increase efficiency, stability and fault tolerance. The paper also discusses the biggest challenges these systems face, including thermal control, electromagnetic interference (EMI) and reliability problems. In addition, the review examines the growing intersection with current trends such as wireless power transmission, energy harvesting, IoT and machine learning technologies. Finally, the paper emphasizes future prospects and research directions that can boost innovation and enable a permanent, intelligent and interconnected energy landscape.