Electric Spring-based Voltage Regulation with Adaptive IoT-Tuned Type-2 Fuzzy Control for Critical Loads in Microgrids

Abstract

This paper presents a wind power generation system for grid-isolation mode operation, controlled by an electric spring. The electric spring is efficiently controlled by a smart and adaptive Internet-of-Things (IoT) platform combined with an interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller (IT2FLC) to provide voltage stability for isolated critical loads. The proposed system is particularly designed to work in grid-secluded mode, feeding power to critical loads with stable voltage and frequency irrespective of variations in wind speeds and fluctuating load demands. The load voltage regulation is kept within +3% and voltage THD is also low for the proposed controller. The novelty of this work lies in the integration of real-time IoT-based adaptive tuning with IT2FLC for Electric Spring operation, enabling dynamic voltage stabilization in off-grid wind systems under fluctuating source and load conditions. The performance of the proposed scheme and its control is verified by different simulation studies and experimental findings gathered from a laboratory-scale test prototype.