Integration of Internet of Things (IoT) in Power Systems and Its Effect on Nursing Care in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background:
The Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming healthcare and power systems by enabling real-time monitoring, automation, and system reliability. In healthcare, IoT improves nursing care through wearable devices, tele-nursing, and enhanced patient monitoring, while in power systems, IoT ensures energy efficiency and uninterrupted healthcare operations. Understanding this integration is critical in Saudi Arabia, where digital health and infrastructure modernization are central to Vision 2030.

Methods:
Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of multiple electronic databases was conducted. Studies addressing IoT in healthcare, nursing, and power systems were included. Screening and eligibility assessment were performed by two independent reviewers, and findings were synthesized qualitatively.

Results:
The search identified 1,246 records; after removal of 312 duplicates, 934 unique titles and abstracts were screened. A total of 142 full-text articles were assessed, and 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. Evidence showed that IoT integration in power systems enhances service continuity, reduces energy disruptions, and supports efficient hospital operations. For nursing, IoT improved workflow efficiency, patient safety, and the delivery of remote care. Key challenges included cybersecurity, data privacy, interoperability, and workforce training.

Conclusion:
IoT integration in power systems strengthens nursing care and healthcare delivery in Saudi Arabia, advancing the nation’s Vision 2030 goals.