Enhancing Radiation Safety Protocols in Hospital Radiology Departments: Strategies for Protecting Patients and Staff

Abstract

Radiology departments constitute one of the most significant sources of ionizing radiation exposure for both patients and healthcare workers in modern hospitals. As diagnostic imaging utilization continues to increase, concerns regarding radiation-induced risks and long-term cumulative doses have intensified. Enhancing radiation safety protocols has therefore become a critical priority for hospitals aiming to comply with international standards while maintaining high diagnostic accuracy. This paper provides an in-depth examination of strategies for strengthening radiation safety practices within radiology departments. It evaluates patient-centered protection measures, occupational dose-reduction techniques, engineering controls, administrative policies, workflow optimization, and technological innovations. The paper synthesizes evidence-based approaches aligned with recommendations from organizations such as the ICRP, IAEA, NCRP, and WHO, offering a comprehensive framework for building a sustainable radiation safety culture. Findings highlight the importance of integrating technologist training, real-time dosimetry, optimized imaging protocols, shielding improvements, and artificial intelligence–driven dose-management systems. The study concludes that radiation safety requires a multilayered approach combining organizational leadership, technical modifications, and continuous quality improvement to ensure long-term protection for both patients and staff.