Advances in Modular Reactors: Design, Operation and Future Prospects

Abstract

This article thoroughly investigates and analyzes the evolution, design, operation, and future potential of modular reactors in the field of nuclear energy. It addresses the key advantages of these systems, their inherent safety features, as well as the challenges and opportunities they present. Furthermore, the relevance of modular reactors in the context of transitioning towards cleaner and more sustainable energy sources is discussed. The indicator related to the land use intensity in small modular reactors is addressed. Through an interdisciplinary approach, this article aims to shed light on the current state of modular reactor technology and provide an informed perspective on their role in the future energy generation. Results show that land use intensity index is between 0.07-0.08 m²/MWhy. SMRs have advantages such as safety, mass production and easy transportation; which enables their deployment in remote or isolated areas. Also, this technology can play a key role in the transition to cleaner and sustainable energy production, making them accessible for countries with limited budgets. However, SMRs are in a nascent state and more research is required to address aspects such as environmental impact, human risk, generation efficiency and integration with other energy sources.