“Autonomous Vessels: Towards a New Phase in Maritime Transportation”

Abstract

The shipping industry is undergoing a paradigm shift with the development of alternative marine fuels like Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), offering safer, greener, and more efficient ships. The development of autonomous vessels, which operate without a crew and are remotely controlled by operators or artificial intelligence systems, has the potential to transform the way goods and people are transported across the world's oceans. However, the labor market is expected to tighten due to the lack of ship officers, dangerous working conditions, and competition. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has identified four levels of autonomous shipping: decision support and automated processes, remote control with seafarers on board, remote control without seafarers, and no crew. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach that includes technological advancements, comprehensive training programs, stringent regulations, and proactive risk management strategies.

This study aims to explore the potential of self-driving ships in the maritime sector by assessing their development, technology, and potential drawbacks.

This study revealed that the marine industry is embracing autonomous vessels, necessitating research to ensure safety, cybersecurity, and efficient communication. Systems and interfaces should integrate AI, IoT, and cloud computing, while environmentally responsible design methods and renewable energy sources should be developed.

This study recommends that autonomous vessels have the potential to revolutionize the maritime transportation industry by enhancing safety and efficiency and reducing costs. However, safety standards must be set to ensure their safe operation. Collaboration among researchers, engineers, and stakeholders is crucial to overcome challenges and ensure regulatory reforms. The adoption of autonomous vessels is ongoing, requiring significant research directions and recommendations.